![]() Original Assignee Clemson University Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.) Dean Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.) Expired - Fee Related Application number US09/255,432 Inventor Anthony P. Google Patents Method of diagnosing gummy stem blight in plants using a polymerase chain reaction assayĭownload PDF Info Publication number US6258537B1 US6258537B1 US09/255,432 US25543299A US6258537B1 US 6258537 B1 US6258537 B1 US 6258537B1 US 25543299 A US25543299 A US 25543299A US 6258537 B1 US6258537 B1 US 6258537B1 Authority US United States Prior art keywords pcr product dna pcr bryoniae seq Prior art date Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google Patents US6258537B1 - Method of diagnosing gummy stem blight in plants using a polymerase chain reaction assay Satisfactory control can be obtained by regular application of protectant fungicides.įor current information on disease recommendations ins specific crops including information on chemical control & pesticide management, please visit the New England Vegetable Management Guide website.US6258537B1 - Method of diagnosing gummy stem blight in plants using a polymerase chain reaction assay.Avoid chilling injury to winter squash and pumpkins as this activates dormant black rot lesions and increases losses in storage.An empty greenhouse may work well for this. Cure pumpkin and squash at 85☏ for two weeks before storage.Handle winter squash and pumpkin carefully during harvest to minimize wounding.Powdery mildew tolerant cultivars should be selected and powdery mildew should be controlled, as this disease predisposes the crop to black rot.Control of black fruit rot starts with control of gummy stem blight.Crop debris should be plowed under promptly after harvest.Use certified disease-free seed for all cucurbit plantings.Large Halloween pumpkins are more susceptible to black rot than smaller pie types. On fruit held for fall sales or winter storage, a water-soaked lesion develops, usually associated with an injury to the rind, and soon black rot develops. Control of powdery mildew by chemicals or by planting PM-resistant varieties can significantly reduce black rot in pumpkins and winter squash. Leaves are penetrated directly by the fungus, stems are infected through wounds or expansion of leaf lesions, and fruit are infected through flower scars or wounds. Wounding, striped cucumber beetle injury, aphid feeding, and powdery mildew all predispose plants to black rot infection. The optimum temperature for disease development is 75-77☏. The disease is favored by relative humidity over 85% and leaf wetness periods greater than one hour. In the field, the fungus can survive in infected plant residue for more than one year. The pathogen may be carried in or on seed. Check fruit weekly for signs of black rot. ![]() Lesions may become hardened and dormant on mature fruit that is cured and stored under proper conditions, but chilling injury or high humidity may activate the disease and cause fruit collapse during storage. ![]() This typically occurs where the fruit touched the soil. Small, water-soaked spots develop on fruit, enlarge, and exude gummy material and contain many black, fruiting bodies. Black rot on butternut may appear as a superficial hardened tan to white area which can develop concentric rings. Stems may be girdled on seedlings and the plant dies, or on older plants stem cankers lead to wilt and decline. Small fruiting bodies (pycnidia or perithecia), may appear as black specks in diseased tissue. Stem cankers develop in the cortical tissue and a brown, gummy exudate is produced. On pumpkin and winter squash, symptoms on the leaves begin as a marginal necrosis followed by larger, wedged shaped necrotic areas, often with a yellow halo. ![]() It is characterized by a distinctive black decay of the fruits of all cucurbits. In temperate regions, the disease occurs mainly on winter squash, pumpkin, and greenhouse cucumber. The disease is most often noticed at harvest, but can be seen during crop and fruit growth when scouting inside the canopy. Black rot is the fruit rot phase of the gummy stem blight pathogen, Didymella bryoniae (Phoma cucurbitacaerum). ![]()
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